In this article, we review how researchers and industry are addressing these challenges. These include the fundamental trade-offs between resolution and noise, the quantitative accuracy of the measurements, and integration with X-ray computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, there are several challenges to using PET imaging systems.
PET imaging has also become an important tool in preclinical studies, particularly for investigating murine models of disease and other small-animal models. PET imaging has been widely adopted as an important clinical modality for oncological, cardiovascular, and neurological applications. The physics of the emission, and the detection of the coincident photons, give PET imaging unique capabilities for both very high sensitivity and accurate estimation of the in vivo concentration of the radiotracer. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is based on detecting two time-coincident high-energy photons from the emission of a positron-emitting radioisotope.
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